[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f280zb9geekjai":3,"meta":99,"$f3kbqhjtzukhn8":103,"$f3nqy4nqdmmmto":104,"$f1gjq0kniteqjp":105,"$f1f7j4l832iw0j":106,"$f3uyia6ffuchex":144,"$f15cjnhbbtiugn":145,"$f73a6fnt3hczj":352,"$f31ac1rprtmfis":353,"$f1am2npxz5yq14":371,"$f3c5spptcaxn1r":856,"$f3w4cb4zm97jp2":949,"mission-names":-1},{"id":4,"name":5,"country":6,"region":7,"lat":8,"lon":9,"task":10,"framework":11,"domain":12,"since":13,"until":14,"contributors":15,"explanation":59,"places":69,"sources":92,"updated":98},"golfoorlog-1990","Tweede Golfoorlog Irak","Perzische Golf",null,26.9,51.5,"Nederland vocht niet mee in de gevechten. Wel hielp Nederland bij ondersteunende operaties. Het stuurde fregatten naar de Perzische Golf.","Coalitie en WEU","maritiem","1990","1991",[16,26,32,38,47,53],{"service":17,"unit":18,"quoted":19,"source":20,"official":23},"marine","Hr.Ms. Jacob van Heemskerck","Hr. Ms. Jacob van Heemskerck",{"title":21,"url":22},"Kamerstuk 21664 nr. 24, Brief van de ministers van Buitenlandse Zaken en van Defensie, Midden-Oosten conflict (8 januari 1991) [scan, ocr]","https:\u002F\u002Frepository.overheid.nl\u002Ffrbr\u002Fsgd\u002F19901991\u002F0000030527\u002F1\u002Fpdf\u002FSGD_19901991_0004040.pdf",{"text":24,"source":25},"In het kader van de handhaving van het embargo tegen Irak op grond van de VR-resoluties 661 en 665 nemen drie schepen van de Koninklijke marine deel aan operaties in de Perzische Golf (thans de fregatten Hr. Ms. Jacob van Heemskerck en Hr. Ms. Philips van Almonde en het bevoorradingsschip Hr. Ms. Zuiderkruis).",{"title":21,"url":22},{"service":17,"unit":27,"quoted":28,"source":29,"official":30},"Hr.Ms. Philips van Almonde","Hr. Ms. Philips van Almonde",{"title":21,"url":22},{"text":24,"source":31},{"title":21,"url":22},{"service":17,"unit":33,"quoted":34,"source":35,"official":36},"Hr.Ms. Zuiderkruis","Hr. Ms. Zuiderkruis",{"title":21,"url":22},{"text":24,"source":37},{"title":21,"url":22},{"service":17,"unit":39,"quoted":40,"source":41,"official":44},"Zr.Ms. Zierikzee","Hr. Ms Zierikzee",{"title":42,"url":43},"Kamerstuk 21664 nr. 57, Brief van de ministers van Defensie en van Buitenlandse Zaken, Midden-Oosten conflict (19 maart 1991) [scan, ocr]","https:\u002F\u002Frepository.overheid.nl\u002Ffrbr\u002Fsgd\u002F19901991\u002F0000030560\u002F1\u002Fpdf\u002FSGD_19901991_0004073.pdf",{"text":45,"source":46},"Hr. Ms. Haarlem en Hr. Ms. Harlingen zijn onderweg naar het Golfgebied. Besloten is ook de in de Middellandse Zee verblijvende Hr. Ms Zierikzee aan deze eenheid toe te voegen.",{"title":42,"url":43},{"service":17,"unit":48,"quoted":49,"source":50,"official":51},"Hr.Ms. Haarlem","Hr. Ms. Haarlem",{"title":42,"url":43},{"text":45,"source":52},{"title":42,"url":43},{"service":17,"unit":54,"quoted":55,"source":56,"official":57},"Hr.Ms. Harlingen","Hr. Ms. Harlingen",{"title":42,"url":43},{"text":45,"source":58},{"title":42,"url":43},{"official":60,"plain":65,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":68},{"text":61,"source":62},"Op 2 augustus 1990 viel het Iraakse leger van Saddam Hoessein Koeweit binnen. Koeweit was rijk aan olie. De Verenigde Staten vormden samen met bondgenoten een internationale coalitie. De VN gaf toestemming om Koeweit te helpen. Begin 1991 verdreef de coalitie het Irakese leger uit Koeweit.",{"title":63,"url":64},"Nederlands Veteraneninstituut: Tweede Golfoorlog Irak","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nlveteraneninstituut.nl\u002Fmissies\u002Ftweede-golfoorlog-irak\u002F","Op 2 augustus 1990 viel het leger van Irak Koeweit binnen. De Verenigde Staten vormden met bondgenoten een internationale groep, een coalitie. De Verenigde Naties (VN) gaven toestemming om Koeweit te helpen. Begin 1991 verdreef de coalitie het Iraakse leger uit Koeweit. Nederland vocht niet mee, maar hielp wel bij ondersteunende operaties. Het stuurde fregatten naar de Perzische Golf. Ook gingen eenheden voor luchtverdediging naar het zuiden van Turkije en naar Israël. Na de oorlog bouwden Nederlandse genisten en mariniers in het noorden van Irak kampen voor Koerdische vluchtelingen. Ze beveiligden die kampen ook.","agent",false,"2026-11-02",[70,83],{"name":71,"kind":72,"lat":73,"lon":74,"coordinates":75,"elsewhere":78,"official":79},"Jeruzalem","plaats",31.769,35.2163,{"from":76,"note":77},"opzoeking","GeoNames 281184, 'Jerusalem' in IL, 2026-11-04",true,{"text":80,"source":81},"Daarom is besloten de stationering van de bij Jeruzalem gelegerde Patriot-eenheid omstreeks 1 april te beëindigen.",{"title":82,"url":43},"Kamerstuk 21664, nr. 57: Midden-Oosten conflict (19 maart 1991)",{"name":84,"kind":72,"lat":85,"lon":86,"coordinates":87,"elsewhere":78,"official":89},"Riyadh",24.6877,46.7219,{"from":76,"note":88},"GeoNames 108410, 'Riyadh' in SA, 2026-11-04",{"text":90,"source":91},"Het Nederlandse medische detachement dat onder Britse supervisie werkzaam is in een hospitaal bij Riyadh is thans betrokken bij de verzorging van Iraakse gewonden.",{"title":82,"url":43},[93,94,97],{"title":63,"url":64},{"title":95,"url":96},"Geschiedenis luchtmacht","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.defensie.nl\u002Fdefensieonderdelen\u002Fkoninklijke-luchtmacht\u002Fgeschiedenis",{"title":82,"url":43},"2026-11-04",{"version":100,"updated":98,"site":101},"91dea28b61eea934",{"commit":102,"date":98},"f3a05675",[],[],[],[107,125,135],{"id":108,"scope":109,"category":111,"amount":112,"approximate":67,"planned":67,"asOf":116,"dateKind":117,"official":118,"ocr":78,"label":123,"updated":124},"golfoorlog-1990-uitgaven-totaal",{"level":110,"missionId":4},"missie","missiekosten",{"value":113,"scale":114,"unit":115},414.7,"miljoen","gulden","1992-02-05","publicatiedatum",{"text":119,"source":120},"De totale met de Golfcrisis en -oorlog gemoeide additionele kosten ten laste van de defensiebegroting bedroegen derhalve f 414,7 miljoen.",{"title":121,"url":122},"Kamerstuk 22 300 X, nr. 51 (Tweede Kamer 1991-1992): brief van de minister van Defensie (Golfconflict en hulpverlening aan de Koerden), 5 februari 1992","https:\u002F\u002Fzoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl\u002F0000023104","totaal additionele kosten ten laste van de defensiebegroting (1990 en 1991, na aftrek Luxemburgse bijdrage f 1,2 mln)","2026-10-26",{"id":126,"scope":127,"category":111,"amount":128,"approximate":67,"planned":67,"asOf":14,"dateKind":130,"official":131,"ocr":78,"label":134,"updated":124},"golfoorlog-1990-uitgaven-1991",{"level":110,"missionId":4},{"value":129,"scale":114,"unit":115},270.3,"jaar",{"text":132,"source":133},"in 1991 werden extra kosten gemaakt ten bedrage van f 270,3 miljoen.",{"title":121,"url":122},"extra kosten in 1991",{"id":136,"scope":137,"category":111,"amount":138,"approximate":67,"planned":67,"asOf":13,"dateKind":130,"official":140,"ocr":78,"label":143,"updated":124},"golfoorlog-1990-uitgaven-1990",{"level":110,"missionId":4},{"value":139,"scale":114,"unit":115},145.6,{"text":141,"source":142},"-Voor de uitzending van eenheden tijdens het Golfconflict bedroegen de additionele kosten in 1990f 145,6 miljoen;",{"title":121,"url":122},"additionele kosten in 1990",[],[146,179,198,215,236,254,270,297],{"id":147,"name":148,"page":7,"projectIds":149,"uses":152,"ocr":78,"image":158,"projects":172},"hawk","HAWK",[150,151],"vervanging-hawk","vervanging-hawk-pip-iii",[153],{"official":154,"ocr":78},{"text":155,"source":156},"De regering heeft beslist de in NAVO-verband aan Turkije verleende luchtverdedigingssteun te beëindigen, nu Saceur heeft vastgesteld dat de directe dreiging is afgenomen. Intussen zijn de betrokken eenheden weer onder nationaal bevel gesteld. De Nederlandse Hawk– en Stinger– eenheden in Turkije zijn reeds op weg naar de thuisbasis.",{"title":157,"url":43},"Kamerstuk 21664 nr. 57, Brief van de ministers van Defensie en van Buitenlandse Zaken, Midden-Oostenconflict (19 maart 1991)",{"src":159,"cardSrc":159,"alt":160,"caption":161,"captionLang":7,"captionNl":7,"credit":162,"licence":163,"via":166,"page":167,"width":170,"height":171},"\u002Fbeeld\u002Fhawk.jpg","Een Nederlandse HAWK-lanceerinrichting met drie raketten staat in 1991 in Turkije naast een startbaan, terwijl een gevechtsvliegtuig voorbij taxiet.","","Fotoafdrukken Koninklijke Luchtmacht",{"name":164,"url":165},"CC BY-SA 4.0","https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0","Wikimedia Commons",{"title":168,"url":169},"Wikimedia Commons, File:Dutch MIM-23 HAWK Turkey 1991.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Dutch_MIM-23_HAWK_Turkey_1991.jpg",1280,939,[173,176],{"id":150,"name":174,"year":175},"Vervanging HAWK",1999,{"id":151,"name":177,"year":178},"Vervanging HAWK PIP III",2002,{"id":180,"name":18,"page":7,"projectIds":181,"uses":182,"ocr":78,"image":187,"projects":197},"hr-ms-jacob-van-heemskerck",[],[183],{"official":184,"ocr":78},{"text":24,"source":185},{"title":186,"url":22},"Kamerstuk 21664 nr. 24, Brief van de ministers van Buitenlandse Zaken en van Defensie, Midden-Oosten conflict (8 januari 1991)",{"src":188,"cardSrc":188,"alt":189,"caption":161,"captionLang":7,"captionNl":7,"credit":190,"licence":191,"via":166,"page":194,"width":170,"height":196},"\u002Fbeeld\u002Fhr-ms-jacob-van-heemskerck.jpg","Het luchtverdedigingsfregat Hr.Ms. Jacob van Heemskerck (F812) vaart op kalme zee tijdens operatie Desert Shield.","PH2 Henry",{"name":192,"url":193},"Public domain","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Dutch_frigate_F812_Jacob_Van_Heemskerck_underway_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.JPEG",{"title":195,"url":193},"Wikimedia Commons, File:Dutch frigate F812 Jacob Van Heemskerck underway during Operation Desert Shield.JPEG",888,[],{"id":199,"name":27,"page":7,"projectIds":200,"uses":201,"ocr":78,"image":205,"projects":214},"hr-ms-philips-van-almonde",[],[202],{"official":203,"ocr":78},{"text":24,"source":204},{"title":186,"url":22},{"src":206,"cardSrc":206,"alt":207,"caption":161,"captionLang":7,"captionNl":7,"credit":208,"licence":209,"via":166,"page":210,"width":170,"height":213},"\u002Fbeeld\u002Fhr-ms-philips-van-almonde.jpg","Het fregat Hr.Ms. Philips van Almonde (F823) vaart met de Nederlandse vlag in top op weg naar de Perzische Golf.","Audiovisuele Dienst Koninklijke Marine (AVDKM)",{"name":164,"url":165},{"title":211,"url":212},"Wikimedia Commons, File:Hr.Ms. Philips van Almonde op weg naar de Perzische Golf (2158 001425).jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Hr.Ms._Philips_van_Almonde_op_weg_naar_de_Perzische_Golf_(2158_001425).jpg",1020,[],{"id":216,"name":217,"page":7,"projectIds":218,"uses":219,"ocr":78,"image":226,"projects":235},"hr-ms-pieter-florisz","Hr.Ms. Pieter Florisz",[],[220],{"official":221,"ocr":78},{"text":222,"source":223},"Het gaat hierbij om een luchtverdedigingsfregat en een standaard– fregat met twee helicopters. Deze fregatten, de Hr. Ms. Witte de With en Hr. Ms. Pieter Florisz zullen worden onttrokken aan het eskader dat thans voorbereidingen treft voor de NAVO-oefening Team Work 90.",{"title":224,"url":225},"Kamerstuk 21664 nr. 1, Brief van de ministers van Buitenlandse Zaken en van Defensie, Midden-Oosten conflict (13 augustus 1990)","https:\u002F\u002Frepository.overheid.nl\u002Ffrbr\u002Fsgd\u002F19891990\u002F0000041431\u002F1\u002Fpdf\u002FSGD_19891990_0006811.pdf",{"src":227,"cardSrc":227,"alt":228,"caption":161,"captionLang":7,"captionNl":7,"credit":229,"licence":230,"via":166,"page":231,"width":170,"height":234},"\u002Fbeeld\u002Fhr-ms-pieter-florisz.jpg","Het fregat Hr.Ms. Pieter Florisz (F826) vaart door woelig water, met bemanning in oranje pakken op het voordek.","Fotoafdrukken Koninklijke Marine",{"name":164,"url":165},{"title":232,"url":233},"Wikimedia Commons, File:Fregat Hr.Ms. Pieter Florisz (F826) (2158 001353).jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Fregat_Hr.Ms._Pieter_Florisz_(F826)_(2158_001353).jpg",1011,[],{"id":237,"name":238,"page":7,"projectIds":239,"uses":240,"ocr":78,"image":244,"projects":253},"hr-ms-witte-de-with","Hr.Ms. Witte de With",[],[241],{"official":242,"ocr":78},{"text":222,"source":243},{"title":224,"url":225},{"src":245,"cardSrc":245,"alt":246,"caption":161,"captionLang":7,"captionNl":7,"credit":247,"licence":248,"via":166,"page":249,"width":170,"height":252},"\u002Fbeeld\u002Fhr-ms-witte-de-with.jpg","Het luchtverdedigingsfregat Hr.Ms. Witte de With (F813) vaart op volle zee, gezien van stuurboordzijde.","Ministerie van Defensie",{"name":164,"url":165},{"title":250,"url":251},"Wikimedia Commons, File:HNLMS Witte de With.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:HNLMS_Witte_de_With.jpg",919,[],{"id":255,"name":33,"page":7,"projectIds":256,"uses":257,"ocr":78,"image":261,"projects":269},"hr-ms-zuiderkruis",[],[258],{"official":259,"ocr":78},{"text":24,"source":260},{"title":186,"url":22},{"src":262,"cardSrc":262,"alt":263,"caption":161,"captionLang":7,"captionNl":7,"credit":190,"licence":264,"via":166,"page":266,"width":170,"height":268},"\u002Fbeeld\u002Fhr-ms-zuiderkruis.jpg","Het bevoorradingsschip Hr.Ms. Zuiderkruis (A832) vaart op zee tijdens operatie Desert Shield.",{"name":192,"url":265},"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Hr._Ms._Zuiderkruis_(A832)_fast_combat_support_ship_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.JPEG",{"title":267,"url":265},"Wikimedia Commons, File:Hr. Ms. Zuiderkruis (A832) fast combat support ship during Operation Desert Shield.JPEG",843,[],{"id":271,"name":272,"page":7,"projectIds":273,"uses":275,"ocr":78,"image":282,"projects":293},"p-3c","P-3C Orion",[274],"cup-orion",[276],{"official":277,"ocr":78},{"text":278,"source":279},"Voorts wordt een Orion vliegtuig regelmatig ingezet voor transport naar de Golf-regio.",{"title":280,"url":281},"Kamerstuk 21664 nr. 39, Brief van de minister van Defensie, Midden-Oosten conflict (30 januari 1991)","https:\u002F\u002Frepository.overheid.nl\u002Ffrbr\u002Fsgd\u002F19901991\u002F0000030542\u002F1\u002Fpdf\u002FSGD_19901991_0004055.pdf",{"src":283,"cardSrc":283,"alt":284,"caption":161,"captionLang":7,"captionNl":7,"credit":285,"licence":286,"via":166,"page":289,"width":170,"height":292},"\u002Fbeeld\u002Fp-3c.jpg","Een P-3C Orion van de Marine Luchtvaartdienst taxiet in een speciale beschildering door een waterboog op een vliegveld.","Rob Schleiffert from Holland",{"name":287,"url":288},"CC BY-SA 2.0","https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F2.0",{"title":290,"url":291},"Wikimedia Commons, File:P-3C MLD (16261376744).jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:P-3C_MLD_(16261376744).jpg",853,[294],{"id":274,"name":295,"year":296},"CUP Orion",2008,{"id":298,"name":299,"page":7,"projectIds":300,"uses":311,"ocr":78,"image":316,"projects":326},"patriot","Patriot",[301,302,303,304,305,306,307,308,309,310],"aanvulling-inzetvoorraad-patriot-pac-3-raketten","patriot-modificatie-pdb7-isd7","patriot-modificaties","patriot-pac-iii","patriot-pac-iii-raketten-en-lanceerinrichtingen","patriot-pdb-5-sd-5","patriot-update-pac-iii-launchers-en-missiles","patriot-vervanging-compatriot","patriot-raketten-en-lanceerinrichtingen","verlenging-levensduur-patriot",[312],{"official":313,"ocr":78},{"text":314,"source":315},"De Nederlandse Hawk– en Stinger– eenheden in Turkije zijn reeds op weg naar de thuisbasis. De Patriot-eenheden zullen omstreeks 1 april volgen. … Daarom is besloten de stationering van de bij Jeruzalem gelegerde Patriot-eenheid omstreeks 1 april te beëindigen.",{"title":157,"url":43},{"src":317,"cardSrc":317,"alt":318,"caption":161,"captionLang":7,"captionNl":7,"credit":319,"licence":320,"via":166,"page":321,"width":324,"height":325},"\u002Fbeeld\u002Fpatriot.jpg","Een Nederlandse Patriot-lanceerinrichting staat met opgerichte raketcontainers op een grasveld; op de achtergrond staan een tweede lanceerinrichting en vrachtwagens.","Defencie Nederlands",{"name":164,"url":165},{"title":322,"url":323},"Wikimedia Commons, File:Patriot Dutch Army.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Patriot_Dutch_Army.jpg",830,553,[327,330,333,335,337,340,343,345,348,350],{"id":301,"name":328,"year":329},"Aanvulling inzetvoorraad Patriot PAC-3 raketten",2026,{"id":302,"name":331,"year":332},"Patriot modificatie PDB7\u002F ISD7",2006,{"id":303,"name":334,"year":175},"Patriot modificaties",{"id":304,"name":336,"year":175},"Patriot PAC III",{"id":305,"name":338,"year":339},"Patriot PAC III Raketten en lanceerinrichtingen",2000,{"id":306,"name":341,"year":342},"Patriot PDB-5\u002FSD-5",2001,{"id":307,"name":344,"year":296},"Patriot Update PAC III (launchers en missiles)",{"id":308,"name":346,"year":347},"Patriot vervanging COMPATRIOT",2018,{"id":309,"name":349,"year":342},"Patriot-raketten en lanceerinrichtingen",{"id":310,"name":351,"year":329},"Verlenging levensduur Patriot",[],[354],{"id":355,"missionId":4,"country":356,"speaker":357,"date":358,"quote":359,"about":365,"translation":366,"via":368,"tone":369,"updated":124},"golfoorlog-1990-verenigde-staten-19910129","Verenigde Staten","President George Bush (The President), tegenover minister van Buitenlandse Zaken Hans van den Broek in het Oval Office","1991-01-29",{"text":360,"lang":361,"source":362},"However, let me just tell you that one of the reasons I’m delighted to have this meeting is to be able to express to you and to Prime Minister Lubbers and others the appreciation on the American side for this outstanding cooperation. And I think we’ve worked very closely together. We’ve noted your statements with great approval and appreciation, I might say. And so, I look forward to hearing from you any further thoughts you have on the Gulf or any other … subject. But I really am grateful to you.","en",{"title":363,"url":364},"Remarks and an Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With Foreign Minister Hans Van den Broek of The Netherlands, January 29, 1991 (Public Papers of the Presidents: George Bush, 1991, Book I, p. 73-74)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.govinfo.gov\u002Fcontent\u002Fpkg\u002FPPP-1991-book1\u002Fpdf\u002FPPP-1991-book1-doc-pg73-2.pdf","Gulf",{"text":367,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67},"Laat me u echter zeggen dat een van de redenen waarom ik blij ben met deze ontmoeting is dat ik u en premier Lubbers en anderen de waardering van Amerikaanse zijde kan overbrengen voor deze uitstekende samenwerking. En ik denk dat we heel nauw hebben samengewerkt. We hebben uw verklaringen met grote instemming en waardering kennisgenomen, mag ik zeggen. En dus kijk ik ernaar uit verdere gedachten van u te horen over de Golf of een ander onderwerp. Maar ik ben u echt dankbaar.","eigen-overheid",{"value":370,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67},"positief",{"bases":372,"facilities":791},[373,388,407,439,451,470,486,498,512,530,549,559,566,577,594,603,619,633,643,656,669,700,725,755,778],{"id":374,"name":375,"place":376,"kind":377,"lat":378,"services":379,"source":381,"units":384,"hasBoundary":78},"engelbrecht-van-nassaukazerne","Engelbrecht van Nassaukazerne","Roosendaal","kazerne",51.53,[380],"landmacht",{"title":382,"url":383},"Korps Commandotroepen | Defensie.nl","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.defensie.nl\u002Fdefensieonderdelen\u002Fkoninklijke-landmacht\u002Feenheden\u002Fkct",[385],{"unit":386,"source":387},"Korps Commandotroepen",{"title":382,"url":383},{"id":389,"name":390,"place":391,"kind":377,"lat":392,"services":393,"source":395,"units":398,"hasBoundary":78},"frederikkazerne","Frederikkazerne","Den Haag",52.1035,[17,394],"marechaussee",{"title":396,"url":397},"Dienst der Hydrografie (defensielocatie)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.defensie.nl\u002Flocaties-afdelingen\u002Fdienst-der-hydrografie",[399,402],{"unit":400,"source":401},"Dienst der Hydrografie",{"title":396,"url":397},{"unit":403,"source":404},"Eskadron Hoog Risico Beveiliging",{"title":405,"url":406},"Kamerstuk 36124, nr. 32: A-brief over het project huisvesting Hoog Risico Beveiliging regio Den Haag (2023)","https:\u002F\u002Fzoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl\u002Fkst-36124-32.html",{"id":408,"name":409,"place":410,"kind":377,"lat":411,"services":412,"source":413,"units":416,"hasBoundary":78},"generaal-majoor-de-ruyter-van-steveninckkazerne","Generaal-majoor De Ruyter van Steveninckkazerne","Oirschot",51.4773,[380],{"title":414,"url":415},"13 Lichte Brigade","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.defensie.nl\u002Fdefensieonderdelen\u002Fkoninklijke-landmacht\u002Feenheden\u002F13-lichte-brigade",[417,422,427,432,434],{"unit":418,"source":419},"41 Pantsergeniebataljon",{"title":420,"url":421},"Historische canon Regiment Genietroepen: Geniekazernes","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.defensie.nl\u002Fonderwerpen\u002Fg\u002Fgeschiedenis-regimenten-en-korpsen\u002Fhistorische-canon-regiment-genietroepen\u002Fhet-regiment-paraat\u002Fgeniekazernes",{"unit":423,"source":424},"17 Pantserinfanteriebataljon",{"title":425,"url":426},"Historische canon Garderegiment Fuseliers Prinses Irene: 17 Pantserinfanteriebataljon","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.defensie.nl\u002Fonderwerpen\u002Fg\u002Fgeschiedenis-regimenten-en-korpsen\u002Fhistorische-canon-garderegiment-fuseliers-prinses-irene\u002Fhet-regiment-paraat\u002F17-pantserinfanteriebataljon",{"unit":428,"source":429},"30 Infanteriebataljon Bewaken Beveiligen Korps Nationale Reserve",{"title":430,"url":431},"Infanteriebataljons Bewaken Beveiligen Korps Nationale Reserve | 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Amendola","joegoslavie-allied-force","1999-03-24","1999-06",{"title":850,"url":851},"Kamerstuk 22181, nr. 311","https:\u002F\u002Fzoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl\u002Fkst-22181-311.html",{"id":853,"name":854,"missionId":4,"since":13,"until":14,"source":855},"vliegbasis-diyarbakir","vliegbasis Diyarbakir",{"title":95,"url":96},{"events":857,"outcomes":898},[858,869,877,892],{"id":859,"missionId":4,"date":860,"kind":861,"official":862,"evidence":866,"plain":867,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-1990-08-21-1","1990-08-21","besluit",{"text":863,"source":864},"Nadat de ministers van Buitenlandse Zaken en van Defensie van de Weu-lidstaten op 21 augustus 1990 besloten hadden de uitzending van marineschepen naar de Golf in Weu-verband te coördineren, werd deze beslissing op ambtelijk en militair niveau uitgewerkt.",{"title":865,"url":122},"Kamerstuk 22300 X, nr. 51: Brief van de minister van Defensie met notitie over de Nederlandse militair-operationele ervaringen tijdens het Golfconflict en de noodhulp aan de Koerden (5 februari 1992)","eindevaluatie","Op 21 augustus 1990 besloten de ministers van de WEU-landen het sturen van marineschepen naar de Golf samen te coördineren.","2026-11-03",{"id":870,"missionId":4,"date":871,"kind":872,"official":873,"evidence":866,"plain":876,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-1990-11-1","1990-11","operatie",{"text":874,"source":875},"De Koninklijke landmacht heeft een belangrijke rol vervuld bij ondersteunende operaties, in het bijzonder bij operatie Deforger, het transport van Amerikaans materieel uit Duitsland via Nederlandse havens naar de Golfregio. … De operatie werd uitgevoerd van november 1990 tot januari 1991.",{"title":865,"url":122},"Van november 1990 tot januari 1991 hielp de landmacht Amerikaans materieel uit Duitsland via Nederlandse havens naar de Golf te brengen.",{"id":878,"missionId":4,"date":14,"kind":879,"place":880,"official":886,"evidence":890,"plain":891,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-1991-1","aankomst",{"name":881,"lookup":882},"Diyarbakir",{"name":883,"country":884,"what":885},"Diyarbakır","TR","military base",{"text":887,"source":888},"Tijdens de Golfoorlog, die in 1991 volgde op de Irakese bezetting van Koeweit, kwam ook de Koninklijke Luchtmacht in actie. Nederland stuurde luchtverdediging naar Turkije om de vliegbasis Diyarbakir te beschermen tegen Irakese aanvallen met Scud-raketten. Om dezelfde reden beschermden militairen van de luchtmacht Jeruzalem.",{"title":889,"url":96},"Defensie: Geschiedenis luchtmacht","geschiedenis","In de Golfoorlog stuurde de luchtmacht luchtverdediging naar Turkije, om de vliegbasis Diyarbakir te beschermen tegen raketten uit Irak. Ook beschermde ze Jeruzalem.",{"id":893,"missionId":4,"date":14,"kind":872,"official":894,"evidence":866,"plain":897,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-1991-2",{"text":895,"source":896},"In de zomer van 1991 is een groot deel van het Amerikaanse materieel in omgekeerde richting vanuit het Midden-Oosten via Nederland weer naar Duitsland getransporteerd. Ook aan deze operatie, die zonder problemen verliep, is door Nederland ondersteuning verleend.",{"title":865,"url":122},"Na de oorlog hielp Nederland het Amerikaanse materieel via Nederland terug naar Duitsland te brengen. Dat ging zonder problemen.",[899,906,912,921,930,937,943],{"id":900,"missionId":4,"kind":901,"official":902,"evidence":866,"plain":905,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-resultaat-1","resultaat",{"text":903,"source":904},"Nederland heeft in het licht van zijn mogelijkheden een redelijke bijdrage geleverd aan de internationale coalitie. Het Nederlandse personeel verdient voor de wijze van inzet grote waardering.",{"title":865,"url":122},"Volgens de minister leverde Nederland, voor wat het kon, een redelijke bijdrage aan de internationale coalitie.",{"id":907,"missionId":4,"kind":901,"official":908,"evidence":866,"plain":911,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-resultaat-2",{"text":909,"source":910},"Alles overziende, is de slotconclusie dat Nederland de bijdrage leverde aan de uitvoering van de Veiligheidsraadsresoluties over Koeweit en Irak die van een land als het onze mocht worden verwacht.",{"title":865,"url":122},"De conclusie was dat Nederland deed wat van een land als Nederland verwacht mocht worden.",{"id":913,"missionId":4,"kind":914,"count":915,"about":916,"official":917,"evidence":866,"plain":920,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-omvang-1","omvang",3600,"meer dan",{"text":918,"source":919},"Tijdens de Golfcrisis en –oorlog heeft ons land in totaal ruim elfhonderd militairen ingezet. Rekening houdend met aflossingen zijn er meer dan 3600 Nederlandse militairen uitgezonden.",{"title":865,"url":122},"Als je de aflossingen meetelt, gingen in totaal meer dan 3600 Nederlandse militairen naar het gebied.",{"id":922,"missionId":4,"kind":923,"who":924,"count":925,"official":926,"evidence":866,"plain":929,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-slachtoffers-1","slachtoffers","doden",0,{"text":927,"source":928},"Bij de activiteiten van de Nederlandse eenheden zijn geen slachtoffers gevallen.",{"title":865,"url":122},"Bij de Nederlandse eenheden vielen geen slachtoffers.",{"id":931,"missionId":4,"kind":932,"official":933,"evidence":866,"plain":936,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-les-1","les",{"text":934,"source":935},"Hoewel de luchtverdedigingssystemen in zeer korte tijd naar hun bestemming werden vervoerd, moest voor het transport door de lucht gebruik worden gemaakt van commerciële diensten. In de Defensienota zijn voorstellen gedaan voor verbetering van de strategische transportsituatie.",{"title":865,"url":122},"Defensie had zelf te weinig vliegtuigen voor het vervoer en moest vliegtuigen huren. Daarom moest het eigen vervoer beter worden.",{"id":938,"missionId":4,"kind":932,"official":939,"evidence":866,"plain":942,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-les-2",{"text":940,"source":941},"Wel is gebleken dat met het oog op internationale samenwerking standaardisatie en verbetering van de interoperabiliteit van telecommunicatiemiddelen ten behoeve van de Patriot en Hawksystemen van de bondgenoten dringend noodzakelijk is.",{"title":865,"url":122},"De verbindingen van de luchtverdedigingssystemen van de bondgenoten moesten beter op elkaar aansluiten.",{"id":944,"missionId":4,"kind":932,"official":945,"evidence":866,"plain":948,"writtenBy":66,"reviewed":67,"updated":868},"golfoorlog-1990-les-3",{"text":946,"source":947},"Op grond van de tijdens het Golfconflict opgedane ervaringen op het gebied van psycho-sociale zorg is besloten een draaiboek te ontwikkelen voor de opvang en begeleiding van militairen voorafgaand, gedurende en na een periode van uitzending naar crisisgebieden.",{"title":865,"url":122},"Na de Golfoorlog kwam er een vast plan voor de zorg voor militairen voor, tijdens en na een uitzending.",[950,963,972,985,994,1003,1013,1027,1036,1045,1053,1061,1070,1078,1086,1094,1102,1110,1118,1128,1136,1145,1154,1162,1170,1179,1196,1204,1213,1222,1231,1240],{"id":951,"article":952,"date":953,"countries":954,"summary":956,"official":957,"updated":962},"artikel-4-2025-09-23",4,"2025-09-23",[955],"Estland","De NAVO kwam bijeen op verzoek van Estland, nadat drie Russische gevechtsvliegtuigen het Estse luchtruim hadden geschonden.",{"text":958,"source":959},"Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked nine times: … On 23 September 2025, the North Atlantic Council met following Estonia’s request for Article 4 consultations after three Russian fighter jets violated Estonian airspace on 19 September 2025.",{"title":960,"url":961},"NAVO: The consultation process and Article 4","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nato.int\u002Fen\u002Fwhat-we-do\u002Fintroduction-to-nato\u002Fthe-consultation-process-and-article-4","2026-10-22",{"id":964,"article":952,"date":965,"countries":966,"summary":968,"official":969,"updated":962},"artikel-4-2025-09-10","2025-09-10",[967],"Polen","Polen vroeg om overleg nadat meerdere Russische drones het Poolse luchtruim waren binnengevlogen.",{"text":970,"source":971},"Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked nine times: … On 10 September 2025, Poland requested to hold consultations in the North Atlantic Council under Article 4 following the violation of Polish airspace by multiple Russian drones.",{"title":960,"url":961},{"id":973,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":976,"countries":977,"summary":979,"official":980,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2024-03-07",10,"toetreding","2024-03-07",[978],"Zweden","Zweden werd lid van de NAVO.",{"text":981,"source":982},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 7 March 2024: Accession of Sweden",{"title":983,"url":984},"NAVO: Enlargement and Article 10","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nato.int\u002Fen\u002Fwhat-we-do\u002Fpartnerships-and-cooperation\u002Fenlargement-and-article-10",{"id":986,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":987,"countries":988,"summary":990,"official":991,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2023-04-04","2023-04-04",[989],"Finland","Finland werd lid van de NAVO.",{"text":992,"source":993},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 4 April 2023: Accession of Finland",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":995,"article":974,"kind":996,"date":997,"countries":998,"summary":999,"official":1000,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2022-07-05","toetredingsprotocol","2022-07-05",[989,978],"De bondgenoten tekenden de toetredingsprotocollen voor Finland en Zweden. Daarmee werden beide landen officieel genodigde.",{"text":1001,"source":1002},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 5 July 2022: Allies sign the Accession Protocols for Finland and Sweden, making them official Invitees.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1004,"article":974,"kind":1005,"date":1006,"until":1007,"countries":1008,"summary":1009,"official":1010,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2022-06-29","uitnodiging","2022-06-29","2022-06-30",[989,978],"Op de top in Madrid nodigde de NAVO Finland en Zweden officieel uit om lid te worden.",{"text":1011,"source":1012},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 29-30 June 2022: Heads of State and Government from Finland, Georgia, Sweden and Ukraine and the Defence Minister of Bosnia and Herzegovina take part in the NATO Summit in Madrid. NATO reaffirms its commitment to its \"open door policy\", formally inviting Finland and Sweden to become members of NATO",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1014,"article":952,"date":1015,"countries":1016,"summary":1023,"official":1024,"updated":962},"artikel-4-2022-02-24","2022-02-24",[1017,1018,955,1019,1020,967,1021,1022],"Bulgarije","Tsjechië","Letland","Litouwen","Roemenië","Slowakije","Acht bondgenoten vroegen om overleg op de dag dat Rusland Oekraïne volledig binnenviel.",{"text":1025,"source":1026},"Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked nine times: … On 24 February 2022, Bulgaria, Czechia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia requested to hold consultations under Article 4 following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.",{"title":960,"url":961},{"id":1028,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":1029,"countries":1030,"summary":1032,"official":1033,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2020-03-27","2020-03-27",[1031],"Noord-Macedonië","Noord-Macedonië werd lid van de NAVO.",{"text":1034,"source":1035},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 27 March 2020: Accession of the Republic of North Macedonia",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1037,"article":952,"date":1038,"countries":1039,"summary":1041,"official":1042,"updated":962},"artikel-4-2020-02-28","2020-02-28",[1040],"Turkije","Turkije vroeg om overleg nadat Turkse militairen waren omgekomen bij luchtaanvallen in de Syrische provincie Idlib.",{"text":1043,"source":1044},"Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked nine times: … On 28 February 2020, Türkiye requested consultations following the death of Turkish soldiers in air strikes by the Syrian regime and its backer Russia in Idlib province.",{"title":960,"url":961},{"id":1046,"article":974,"kind":996,"date":1047,"countries":1048,"summary":1049,"official":1050,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2019-02-06","2019-02-06",[1031],"De bondgenoten tekenden het toetredingsprotocol van Noord-Macedonië. Daarna deed het land als genodigde mee aan activiteiten van de NAVO.",{"text":1051,"source":1052},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 6 February 2019: The Allies sign the Accession Protocol of the Republic of North Macedonia, following which the country takes part in NATO activities as an invitee.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1054,"article":974,"kind":1005,"date":1055,"countries":1056,"summary":1057,"official":1058,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2018-07-11","2018-07-11",[1031],"Na het akkoord tussen Athene en Skopje over de naam van het land nodigden de NAVO-leiders Skopje uit om te praten over toetreding.",{"text":1059,"source":1060},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 11 July 2018: At the Brussels Summit, following the historic agreement between Athens and Skopje on the solution of the name issue, Allied leaders invite the government in Skopje to begin accession talks to join NATO.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1062,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":1063,"countries":1064,"summary":1066,"official":1067,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2017-06-05","2017-06-05",[1065],"Montenegro","Montenegro werd lid van de NAVO.",{"text":1068,"source":1069},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 5 June 2017: Accession of Montenegro",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1071,"article":974,"kind":996,"date":1072,"countries":1073,"summary":1074,"official":1075,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2016-05-19","2016-05-19",[1065],"De bondgenoten tekenden het toetredingsprotocol van Montenegro. Daarna mocht Montenegro als genodigde vergaderingen van de NAVO bijwonen.",{"text":1076,"source":1077},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 19 May 2016: Allied ministers sign the Accession Protocol, following which Montenegro has 'Invitee' status and starts attending North Atlantic Council and other NATO meetings.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1079,"article":974,"kind":1005,"date":1080,"countries":1081,"summary":1082,"official":1083,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2015-12-02","2015-12-02",[1065],"De ministers van Buitenlandse Zaken van de NAVO nodigden Montenegro uit om te praten over toetreding.",{"text":1084,"source":1085},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 2 December 2015: NATO Foreign Ministers meeting in Brussels invite Montenegro to start accession talks to join the Alliance, while encouraging further progress on reforms, especially in the area of rule of law.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1087,"article":952,"date":1088,"countries":1089,"summary":1090,"official":1091,"updated":962},"artikel-4-2015-07-26","2015-07-26",[1040],"Turkije vroeg om overleg na terroristische aanslagen, en om de bondgenoten over zijn maatregelen te informeren.",{"text":1092,"source":1093},"Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked nine times: … On 26 July 2015, Türkiye requested that the NAC convene in view of the seriousness of the situation following terrorist attacks, and to inform Allies of the measures it was taking.",{"title":960,"url":961},{"id":1095,"article":952,"date":1096,"countries":1097,"summary":1098,"official":1099,"updated":962},"artikel-4-2014-03-03","2014-03-03",[967],"Polen vroeg om overleg om de oplopende spanningen in buurland Oekraïne door het optreden van Rusland.",{"text":1100,"source":1101},"Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked nine times: … On 3 March 2014, Poland invoked Article 4 following increasing tensions in neighbouring Ukraine, as a result of Russia’s aggressive actions.",{"title":960,"url":961},{"id":1103,"article":952,"date":1104,"countries":1105,"summary":1106,"official":1107,"updated":962},"artikel-4-2012-10-03","2012-10-03",[1040],"Turkije vroeg om overleg nadat Syrische granaten vijf Turkse burgers hadden gedood. Daarna vroeg Turkije om Patriot-luchtverdediging.",{"text":1108,"source":1109},"Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked nine times: … On 3 October 2012, Türkiye requested Article 4 NAC consultations when five Turkish civilians were killed by Syrian shells. Following these incidents, on 21 November 2012, Türkiye requested the deployment of Patriot missiles.",{"title":960,"url":961},{"id":1111,"article":952,"date":1112,"countries":1113,"summary":1114,"official":1115,"updated":962},"artikel-4-2012-06-22","2012-06-22",[1040],"Turkije vroeg om overleg nadat Syrische luchtverdediging een Turks gevechtsvliegtuig had neergeschoten.",{"text":1116,"source":1117},"Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked nine times: … On 22 June 2012, Türkiye requested a NAC meeting under Article 4 after one of its fighter jets was shot down by Syrian air defence forces.",{"title":960,"url":961},{"id":1119,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":1120,"countries":1121,"summary":1124,"official":1125,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2009-04-01","2009-04-01",[1122,1123],"Albanië","Kroatië","Albanië en Kroatië werden lid van de NAVO.",{"text":1126,"source":1127},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 1 April 2009: Accession of Albania and Croatia",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1129,"article":974,"kind":996,"date":1130,"countries":1131,"summary":1132,"official":1133,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2008-07-09","2008-07-09",[1122,1123],"De toetredingsprotocollen voor Albanië en Kroatië werden getekend.",{"text":1134,"source":1135},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 9 July 2008: Accession Protocols for Albania and Croatia are signed.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1137,"article":974,"kind":1005,"date":1138,"until":1139,"countries":1140,"summary":1141,"official":1142,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2008-04-02","2008-04-02","2008-04-04",[1122,1123],"Op de top in Boekarest nodigden de NAVO-leiders Albanië en Kroatië uit om te praten over toetreding.",{"text":1143,"source":1144},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 2-4 April 2008: At the Bucharest Summit, Allied Leaders invite Albania and Croatia to start accession talks",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1146,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":1147,"countries":1148,"summary":1150,"official":1151,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2004-03-29","2004-03-29",[1017,955,1019,1020,1021,1022,1149],"Slovenië","Bulgarije, Estland, Letland, Litouwen, Roemenië, Slowakije en Slovenië werden lid van de NAVO.",{"text":1152,"source":1153},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 29 March 2004: Accession of Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1155,"article":974,"kind":996,"date":1156,"countries":1157,"summary":1158,"official":1159,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2003-03-26","2003-03-26",[1017,955,1019,1020,1021,1022,1149],"De bondgenoten tekenden de toetredingsprotocollen voor zeven landen die waren uitgenodigd lid te worden.",{"text":1160,"source":1161},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 21-22 November 2002: At the Prague Summit, seven partner countries – Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia – are invited to start accession talks. 26 March 2003: Signing ceremony of the Accession Protocols of the seven invitees.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1163,"article":952,"date":1164,"countries":1165,"summary":1166,"official":1167,"updated":962},"artikel-4-2003-02-10","2003-02-10",[1040],"Turkije vroeg om overleg over verdediging tegen de dreiging van de oorlog in buurland Irak.",{"text":1168,"source":1169},"Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked nine times: … On 10 February 2003, Türkiye formally invoked Article 4, asking for consultations in the NAC on defensive assistance from NATO in the event of a threat to its population or territory resulting from armed conflict in neighbouring Iraq.",{"title":960,"url":961},{"id":1171,"article":974,"kind":1005,"date":1172,"until":1173,"countries":1174,"summary":1175,"official":1176,"updated":98},"artikel-10-2002-11-21","2002-11-21","2002-11-22",[1017,955,1019,1020,1021,1022,1149],"Op de top in Praag werden Bulgarije, Estland, Letland, Litouwen, Roemenië, Slowakije en Slovenië uitgenodigd om te praten over toetreding.",{"text":1177,"source":1178},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 21-22 November 2002: At the Prague Summit, seven partner countries – Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia – are invited to start accession talks.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1180,"article":1181,"date":1182,"countries":1183,"summary":1184,"official":1185,"missions":1190,"updated":962},"artikel-5-2001-10-02",5,"2001-10-02",[356],"Na onderzoek naar de aanslagen stelde de NAVO vast dat ze onder artikel 5 vielen. Daarop volgden de NAVO-operaties Eagle Assist en Active Endeavour.",{"text":1186,"source":1187},"On 2 October 2001, once the Council had been briefed on the results of investigations into the 9\u002F11 attacks, it determined that they were effectively regarded as an action covered by Article 5.",{"title":1188,"url":1189},"NAVO: Collective defence and Article 5","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nato.int\u002Fen\u002Fwhat-we-do\u002Fintroduction-to-nato\u002Fcollective-defence-and-article-5",[1191],{"missionId":1192,"official":1193},"middellandse-zee-active-endeavour",{"text":1194,"source":1195},"On 26 October 2001, the Alliance launched its second counter-terrorism operation in response to the attacks on the United States, Operation Active Endeavour, which involved elements of NATO's Standing Naval Forces patrol",{"title":1188,"url":1189},{"id":1197,"article":1181,"date":1198,"countries":1199,"summary":1200,"official":1201,"updated":962},"artikel-5-2001-09-12","2001-09-12",[356],"Een dag na de aanslagen van 11 september besloot de NAVO dat een aanval vanuit het buitenland op de Verenigde Staten zou gelden als een aanval op alle bondgenoten. De eerste en enige keer dat artikel 5 is ingeroepen.",{"text":1202,"source":1203},"On the evening of 12 September 2001, less than 24 hours after the attacks, Allies met in the North Atlantic Council. The Council agreed “that if it is determined that this attack was directed from abroad against the United States, it shall be regarded as an action covered by Article 5 of the Washington Treaty”.",{"title":1188,"url":1189},{"id":1205,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":1206,"countries":1207,"summary":1209,"official":1210,"updated":98},"artikel-10-1999-03-12","1999-03-12",[1018,1208,967],"Hongarije","Tsjechië, Hongarije en Polen werden lid van de NAVO. Daarmee had het bondgenootschap 19 leden.",{"text":1211,"source":1212},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 12 March 1999: Accession of Czechia, Hungary and Poland, bringing the Alliance to 19 members.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1214,"article":974,"kind":1005,"date":1215,"until":1216,"countries":1217,"summary":1218,"official":1219,"updated":98},"artikel-10-1997-07-08","1997-07-08","1997-07-09",[1018,1208,967],"Op de top in Madrid werden Tsjechië, Hongarije en Polen uitgenodigd om te praten over toetreding.",{"text":1220,"source":1221},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 8-9 July 1997: At the Madrid Summit, three partner countries – Czechia, Hungary and Poland – are invited to start accession talks.",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1223,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":1224,"countries":1225,"summary":1227,"official":1228,"updated":98},"artikel-10-1982-05-30","1982-05-30",[1226],"Spanje","Spanje werd lid van de NAVO. In 1998 ging het ook deel uitmaken van de gezamenlijke militaire structuur.",{"text":1229,"source":1230},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 30 May 1982: Spain joins the Alliance (and the integrated military structure in 1998).",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1232,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":1233,"countries":1234,"summary":1236,"official":1237,"updated":98},"artikel-10-1955-05-06","1955-05-06",[1235],"Duitsland","De Bondsrepubliek Duitsland werd lid van de NAVO.",{"text":1238,"source":1239},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 6 May 1955: Accession of the Federal Republic of Germany",{"title":983,"url":984},{"id":1241,"article":974,"kind":975,"date":1242,"countries":1243,"summary":1245,"official":1246,"updated":98},"artikel-10-1952-02-18","1952-02-18",[1244,1040],"Griekenland","Griekenland en Turkije werden lid van de NAVO.",{"text":1247,"source":1248},"NATO's \"open door policy\" is based upon Article 10 of the Washington Treaty … 18 February 1952: Accession of Greece and Türkiye",{"title":983,"url":984}]